Hoof Abscess

Due to the wet weather we have had, there is an increased potential for some hoof problems.  An earlier blog discussed thrush.  This article will discuss abscess in hooves.  Abscess is an infection of the sensitive structures of the horse’s foot.  It is seen most commonly in the sole or white line area. Abscesses can cause lameness and can be severe causing the horse to become lame overnight.  Abscesses occur when bacteria enter the sensitive structures of the hoof through a wound, thrush, poor hoof quality due to genetics or unfavorable environmental conditions, and other factors.  Some of the symptoms include pain, swelling, hot hoof wall and increased pulse in the hoof and pastern area.

                             

        Photo from Hoof Abscess – University of Minnesota Horse Extension           
     

                                                        

                                        Parts of the hoof

Picture from Care of Your Horse’s Feet - University of Missouri Extension

An abscess will take the path of least resistance and may move and break out at the coronary band.  Once the abscess begins to drain, lameness and pain will usually decrease.  Contact your veterinarian or farrier for their advice and help in reliving and treating the abscess.  Use a hoof tester to determine the area of the sole where the abscess is located.  Recommendations are to open and drain the abscess by using a paring knife to thin the sole over the abscess.  The less hoof removed, the quicker the horse will recover and be active.  Soaking the hoof in warm water with epsom salt may encourage drainage.  Thoroughly clean the hoof and flush the abscess with a germicide (iodine or betadine) and use an antiseptic dressing to clean and pack the abscess.  Horses should be kept in a clean, dry area while healing.  In some cases, waterproof bandages may be used to cover the area. Mutiple days of soaking the hoof is not recommended because of the potential to weaken the hoof.

Some tips to prevent future problems include keeping a clean, dry environment for the horse, routine farrier care, remove sharp objects from the area to minimize risk of wounds, and to talk to your vet or farrier about ways to protect the hoof wall in wet conditions.